• The most frequent cause of cyanide poisoning is ingestion of certain plants. These include arrow grass, velvet grass, young plants of Sorghum species, tapioca leaves etc.

SYMPTOMS

• Signs occur within 15-20 minutes  to a few hours after animals consume toxic for­age.
• Excitement may be displayed initially, followed by rapid & difficult respiration, ex­cess salivation. Mucous membranes are bright red but may become cyanotic later.
• Animals stumble/struggle and collapse within an hour.

PREVENTION & CONTROL

• Avoid feeding grasses that cause poisoning until they are 15-18 inches tall.
• Forage sorghums should be several feet tall before being used as fodder.
• Animals should be turned out to new pasture later in the day only.
• Grazing should be monitored closely during periods of environmental stress.
• Immediate veterinary help must be sought if cyanide poisoning is suspected.
• Treatment is very effective if given on time.

ANIMAL HEALTH GROUP, NATIONAL DAIRY DEVELOPMENT BOARD, ANAND